| GLOSSARY | |
| AGO: | chin, jaw |
| AGO TSUKI-AGE: | strike or pushing of chin |
| AI: | to meet, love, unify, harmonize |
| AI-HANMI: | both partners facing each other in the same position |
| AIKI: | unifying or harmonizing of ki |
| AIKI BUDO: | name for Aikido O'Sensei chose from Bujutsu, circa 1936 until circa 1942 |
| AIKIDO: | way to harmonize mind, body and spirit; officially recognized as name of founder's art in Feb 1942 |
| AIKIDOKA: | practitioner of Aikido |
| AIKI-EN: | name of martial art developed around the 5th century A.D., said to contain techniques similar to Daito-Ryu Aiki Jiu-Jitsu. Oldest known form of Aiki |
| AIKI-IN-YO-HO: | Aiki system of yin and yang |
| AIKI-JINJA: | Aiki Shrine at Iwama |
| AIKI-JITSU: | Name from Daito-Ryu Aiki-Jiu-Jitsu |
| AIKI-JIU-JITSU: | from Daito Ryu Aiki-Jiu-Jitsu |
| AIKIKAI: | Aiki organization; World Aikido Federation |
| AIKI-KEN: | swordsmanship in accordance with Aiki principles |
| AIKI-NO-KOKORO: | the spirit of Aiki or Aikido |
| AIKI-OKAMI: | the great spirit of Aiki |
| AIOI-RYU: | ancient system of bayonet and spear arts |
| ATEMI: | a strike; striking |
| ATE-WAZA: | striking technique |
| BODHIDHARMA: | Ta'mo, Daruma, Daruma Taishi, founder of Zen Buddhism in 6th Century A.D. Travelled from India to Shaolin, China |
| BODHIMANDA: | place of transformation of ego self into egoless self |
| BOKKEN: | wooden sword |
| BOKUTO: | another name for the wooden sword |
| BU: | martial spirit |
| BUDO: | martial way |
| BUDOKA: | practitioner of the martial ways |
| BUGEI: | fighting arts |
| BUGEISHA: | a person who practices the fighting arts; a bushi |
| BUSHI: | a warrior, samurai |
| BUSHIDO: | way of the warrior; way of martial arts |
| CHI: | Blood; earth |
| CHIBURI: | a movement in Iaido which represents the flicking of blood from the sword |
| CHI KARA: | physical ki, as in muscular strength or force |
| CHI-NO-KOKYU: | breath of the earth |
| CHOYAKU: | to step back and turn |
| CHU-DEN: | second or middle level of mastery, title in the ancient schools. |
| DAITO-RYU: | Jiu-Jitsu system founded circa 1100 A.D. by Minamoto Yoshimitsu |
| DAN: | a class or rank; level of black belt |
| DO: | a path; the Way |
| DOGI: | uniform worn to practice the Way |
| DOJO: | training or practice hall; sacred place to practice the Way |
| DOSHU: | a Grandmaster in a hereditary position; successor |
| ERI: | collar |
| ERI-TORI: | grasping the collar |
| FUDO-NO-SHISEI: | immovable posture |
| FUDO-SHIN: | a calm spirit in the face of danger |
| FUNE-KOGI: | rowing; rowboat |
| FUNE-KOGI-UNDO: | rowboat exercise |
| FURI: | to shake or swing |
| FURITAMA: | settling ki |
| GAKU: | the calligraphy or motto on the dojo wall |
| GEDAN: | lower level |
| GEDAN GAESHI: | low throwing technique, low cutting motion with a sword |
| GEIKO: | training; also keiko |
| GENKI: | vigor; healthy |
| GI: | practice uniform |
| GO: | five; hard style |
| GODAN: | fifth degree, level or rank |
| GOKYO: | fifth classification or pinning technique |
| GYAKU: | opposite, reverse |
| GYAKU-HANMI: | reverse stance, facing each other in reverse posture (i.e., left hanmi and right hanmi), mirror image |
| GYAKU-TE: | opposite hand, opposite side |
| GYAKU-YOKOMEN: | strike to opposite side of head |
| HA: | teeth; leaf; style |
| HACHI: | eight |
| HACHIDAN: | eighth dan or rank |
| HAKAMA: | long split skirt for formal wear |
| HANMI: | triangular stance, one foot a normal stepping distance in front of the other with equal distribution of weight |
| HANMI-HANDACHI: | opponents facing each other with one in sitting and one standing position |
| HANSHA: | reflection |
| HANTAI: | opposite |
| HAPPO: | eight directions |
| HAPPO-GIRI: | cutting in eight directions |
| HAPPO-TO: | striking in eight directions |
| HARA: | abdomen; tanden |
| HARAI: | a sweeping motion |
| HENKA: | continuous free-style randori, one on one (henka waza) |
| HIDARI: | left |
| HIDEN: | secret traditions; hi-jutsu; secret arts |
| HIJI: | elbow |
| HIKARI: | light |
| HITO: | a person |
| HO: | a method |
| HOMBU-DOJO: | headquarters training hall |
| HOZOIN-RYU: | a system of spear fighting |
| IAIDO: | (iai-jutsu) the way of perfection with the sword |
| ICHI: | one |
| IKI: | breath; to breathe |
| IKKYO: | first classification or pinning technique |
| IRIMI: | to enter |
| IRIMI-I-SHOKU: | one step entering move |
| IRIMI-NAGE: | entering throw |
| ITTO-RYU: | single sword fighting system |
| IWAMA: | place where Aiki Shrine and O'Sensei's country dojo and home is located, in Ibaraki Prefecture |
| JINJA: | shrine |
| JO: | round wooden staff 48-50" long and one inch in diameter |
| JOBAJUTSU: | the technique of military horsemanship |
| JODAN: | upper level; holding hands or sword at an upper level |
| JODAN-GAESHI: | a high throw or high cutting motion with a sword |
| JO KATA: | sequential movements with a Jo |
| JO-TORI: | Jo-taking techniques |
| JU: | ten; gentle, soft; suppleness, ability to adapt |
| JUDAN: | tenth dan or rank |
| JUJI-NAGE: | a crossed arm technique |
| JUJI-WAZA: | cross arm technique |
| JU-JUTSU: | (Jiu-Jitsu), a close combat fighting system |
| KAESHI: | to return; reverse or counter |
| KAESHI WAZA: | reverse or counter technique |
| KAIDEN: | master's license or certificate |
| KAISO: | the founder; founder of a particular system O'Sensei often referred to by this term |
| KAITEN: | to open and turn; to revolve |
| KAITEN-NAGE: | a revolving throw; technique |
| KAMAE: | stance, combative stance |
| KAMI: | a deity; divine spirit |
| KAMIDANA: | the altar or shelf supporting the jinja |
| KAN: | a particular activity; a training hall |
| KANSETSU: | body joints |
| KANSETSU WAZA: | joint techniques |
| KAPPO: | a way of resuscitation |
| KATA: | a fixed form; sequential movements; shoulder, lapel area; singular |
| KATAME WAZA: | mat techniques; submissions on the mat |
| KATA-OTOSHI: | shoulder drop |
| KATATE: | one hand |
| KATATE-TORI: | holding or grasping one hand or arm |
| KATA-TORI: | seizing or grasping one lapel or shoulder |
| KATSU: | same as kappo |
| KATSU HAYAI: | to win quickly; instant victory (the goal of all martial arts training) |
| KEIKO: | practice; training, also geiko |
| KEMPO: | sword techniques; fist way |
| KEN: | a sword |
| KENDO: | way of the sword |
| KENJITSU: | sword techniques |
| KENPO: | way of the fist; sword hand way |
| KI: | vital energy; vital force, vital life force of the universe. Term first used in aikido; also, wood |
| KIAI: | full of ki; a piercing shout; life force, inner strength, spirit meeting |
| KIAI-JITSU: | techniques using mental concentration |
| KI-GA-NUKERU: | to lose ki, "he hasn't got it anymore." |
| KIMUSUBI: | the linking of ki; uniting of one's ki with that of another |
| KI-NO-KEMPO: | sword techniques with ki |
| KI-NO-KOKYU-HO: | breathing meditation with ki |
| KI-NO-NAGARE: | the stream of ki; the flow of ki |
| KIO-TSUKE: | attention |
| KIRIKAMI: | the first level of a system; first certificate, initial teaching license |
| KI-SHIN-TAI: | ki of the mind and body |
| KITO: | rise and fall motion |
| KITO-RYU: | ancient form of Jiu-Jitsu. A major system of defense by which Aikido was formed |
| KI-WO-DASU: | to pour forth ki; to extend ki |
| KI-WO-KIRU: | to cut ki |
| KI-WO-NERU: | to train your ki (Neru - think) |
| KI-WO-TOTONOERU: | to prepare your ki, to settle your ki |
| KOBUKAI: | organization of Aiki-Budo in 1939 |
| KOBUKAN: | name of O'Sensei's original training hall; dojo in Tokyo, site of present headquarters |
| KOGEKI: | an attack |
| KOHO-TENTO: | rear falling method |
| KOJIKI: | record of ancient matters |
| KOKYU: | breath power; breathing with ki flow |
| KOKYU-DOSA: | exercise in sitting position; pinning with ki |
| KOKYU-HO: | breathing method |
| KOKYU-NAGE: | breath throw; throwing with ki of mind and body |
| KOKYU-RYOKU: | breath power |
| KOSA: | to cross, crossover |
| KOSHI: | the hips or lower back |
| KOSHI-NAGE: | hip throw |
| KOTAI: | a movement to the rear; to change |
| KOTE: | wrist |
| KOTE-GAESHI: | wrist twisting throw |
| KU: | nine |
| KUBI: | neck or throat |
| KUBI-SHIME: | neck or throat choke |
| KUCHI: | mouth |
| KUDAN: | ninth dan or rank |
| KUDEN: | orally bequeathed secrets (same as hiden) |
| KYU: | a class or grade below dan |
| KYUDO: | Japanese archery or the way of the bow and arrow |
| MA-AI: | proper distance |
| MAKIMONO: | a scroll containing the secrets of a martial art |
| MARUI: | round, circular |
| MASUGU: | straight; straight forward |
| MEIJIN: | a true master; one who masters his art beyond its boundaries |
| MEN: | face; front of head, forehead |
| MENKYO: | teaching certificate; third license to teach |
| MEN-TSUKI: | strike to face; thrust or punch to face; stab |
| MEN-UCHI: | strike to face |
| MIGI: | right |
| MISOGI: | art or act of purification, great way of mind and body purification |
| MOCHI: | to grab; to grasp |
| MOROTE: | two hands; both hands |
| MOROTE-TORI: | attack in which uke grabs nage's wrist or arm with both hands; a term used mostly in other systems |
| MUNE: | chest, abdominal area |
| MUNE-TSUKI: | attack by thrusting to chest/abdominal area |
| MOKUROKU: | a catalog of techniques; the second level license or certificate |
| MUSHIN: | no mind; empty mind: "the usefulness of a cup is in its emptiness" |
| NAGARE: | flow; i.e., the flow of ki |
| NAGE: | a throw; one who leads or is attacked |
| NAGINATA: | a wooden staff 6' long with a 2' blade at the end used primarily to hamstring the horses on the battlefield. It is traditionally a samurai women's weapon |
| NI: | two |
| NIDAN: | second dan or rank |
| NIKYO: | second classification or pinning technique |
| NIHONGI: | ancient chronicles of Japan |
| NINJA: | a special assassin or espionage agent |
| NINJITSU: | art of stealth and mercenary killing |
| NUKITE: | a strike using a finger or fingers |
| OJIGI: | proper bowing |
| OKU: | inner; deep |
| OKUDEN: | inner secrets (okugi): certificate of mastery over the inner secrets |
| OKUGI: | inner mysteries with universal secrets |
| OMOTE: | the front of; forward, toward (irimi) |
| OMOTO KYO: | teaching of the great origin; religion founded by Wanisaburo Deguchi in the early 1900's, studied by O'Sensei and practiced until his death |
| ORENAI-TE: | the unbendable arm |
| OSAE: | a pin; method of holding down |
| O'SENSEI | great teacher; in Aikido, referring to Morihei Ueshiba |
| OTOSHI: | a drop; to drop |
| REI: | the command for proper bowing (ojigi); formal gesture of respect and gratitude |
| REIGI: | etiquette |
| REISEISHIN: | when one's spirit is one with the spirit of the Universe |
| RENSHU: | to train or practice |
| RENZOKU: | continuous motion of any kind |
| ROKU: | six |
| ROKUDAN: | sixth dan or rank |
| RYOKATA TORI: | grasping both of nage's shoulders |
| RYOTE: | both hands |
| RYOTE-MOCHI: | holding or grasping with both hands |
| RYOTE-TORI: | uke grasps both of nage's hands in both of his own |
| RYU: | a style or school |
| RANDORI: | free-style practice |
| SABAKI: | movement, free flowing and natural |
| SAN: | three |
| SANDAN: | third dan or rank |
| SANKYO: | third classification or pinning technique |
| SAYU: | left and right or to the side |
| SEIKA-NO-ITTEN: | (Saika) the one point in the lower abdomen (hara) |
| SEIKA-NO-TANDEN: | same as above |
| SENSEI: | respected teacher |
| SEIZA: | proper sitting |
| SETSUDO: | teaching the way of the universe |
| SHI: | four |
| SHI-CHI: | seven |
| SHICHIDAN: | seventh dan or rank |
| SHIHAN: | master instructor |
| SHIHO: | four ways or method |
| SHIHO NAGE: | four direction throw |
| SHIKAKU: | blind side, or behind and to the side |
| SHIKKO: | walking on the knees, "samurai walk" |
| SHIME: | choke |
| SHIME WAZA: | choking techniques |
| SHIN: | new; mind, spirit |
| SHINDO MUSO RYU: | art of Ju-Jitsu founded by Muso Gonnosuke, studied by O'Sensei |
| SHINKE: | nerve points (shinke waza-techniques using nerve points) |
| SHIN-NO-MUSHIN: | mind of no mind; the empty mind |
| SHIN-SHIN: | mind, spirit; mind, body |
| SHIN-SHIN TOITSU: | mind and body coordinated, the style of Aikido of Tohei Sensei |
